% pubman genre = article @article{item_3613042, title = {{Genome{-}wide population affinities and signatures of adaptation in hydruntines, sussemiones and Asian wild asses}}, author = {Pan, Jianfei and Liu, Xuexue and Baca, Mateusz and Calvi{\`e}re{-}Tonasso, Laure and Schiavinato, St{\'e}phanie and Chauvey, Lorele{\"\i} and Tressi{\`e}res, Ga{\'e}tan and Perdereau, Aude and Aury, Jean{-}Marc and Oliveira, Pedro H. and Wincker, Patrick and Abdykanova, Aida and Arsuaga, Juan Luis and Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav and Belinskiy, Andrey B. and Carbonell, Eudald and Davoudi, Hossein and Lira Garrido, Jaime and Gilbert, Allan S. and Hermes, Taylor and Warinner, Christina G. and Kalmykov, Alexey A. and Lordkipanidze, David and Mackiewicz, Pawe{\l} and Mohaseb, Azadeh F. and Richter, Kristine and Sayfullaev, Nuritdin and Shapiro, Beth and Shnaider, Svetlana and Southon, John and Stefaniak, Krzysztof and Summers, Geoffrey D. and van Asperen, Eline Naomi and Vanishvili, Nikoloz and Hill, Eden and Kuznetsov, Pavel and Reinhold, Sabine and Hansen, Svend and Mashkour, Marjan and Berthon, R{\'e}mi and Taylor, William Timothy Treal and Houle, Jean{-}Luc and Hekkala, Evon and Popovi{\'c}, Danijela and Orlando, Ludovic}, language = {eng}, issn = {0962-1083; 1365-294X}, doi = {10.1111/mec.17527}, year = {2024}, abstract = {{The extremely rich palaeontological record of the horse family, also known as equids, has provided many examples of macroevolutionary change over the last {\textasciitilde}55 Mya. This family is also one of the most documented at the palaeogenomic level, with hundreds of ancient genomes sequenced. While these data have advanced understanding of the domestication history of horses and donkeys, the palaeogenomic record of other equids remains limited. In this study, we have generated genome-wide data for 25 ancient equid specimens spanning over 44 Ky and spread across Anatolia, the Caucasus, Central Asia and Mongolia. Our dataset includes the genomes from two extinct species, the European wild ass, Equus hydruntinus, and the sussemione Equus ovodovi. We document, for the first time, the presence of sussemiones in Mongolia and their survival around {\textasciitilde}3.9 Kya, a finding that should be considered when discussing the timing of the first arrival of the domestic horse in the region. We also identify strong spatial differentiation within the historical ecological range of Asian wild asses, Equus hemionus, and incomplete reproductive isolation in several groups yet considered as different species. Finally, we find common selection signatures at ANTXR2 gene in European, Asian and African wild asses. This locus, which encodes a receptor for bacterial toxins, shows no selection signal in E. ovodovi, but a 5.4-kb deletion within intron 7. Whether such genetic modifications played any role in the sussemione extinction remains unknown. {\copyright} 2024 The Author(s). Molecular Ecology published by John Wiley {\&} Sons Ltd.}}, journal = {{Molecular Ecology}}, volume = {33}, number = {19}, eid = {e17527}, }