%0 Journal Article %A Andrades Valtueña, Aida %A Neumann, Gunnar %A Spyrou, Maria A. %A Musralina, Lyazzat %A Aron, Franziska %A Beisenov, Arman %A Belinskiy, Andrey B. %A Bos, Kirsten I. %A Buzhilova, Alexandra %A Conrad, Matthias %A Djansugurova, Leyla B. %A Dobeš, Miroslav %A Ernée, Michal %A Fernández-Eraso, Javier %A Frohlich, Bruno %A Furmanek, Mirosław %A Hałuszko, Agata %A Hansen, Svend %A Harney, Éadaoin %A Hiss, Alina N. %A Hübner, Alexander %A Key, Felix Michael %A Khussainova, Elmira %A Kitov, Egor %A Kitova, Alexandra O. %A Knipper, Corina %A Kühnert, Denise %A Lalueza-Fox, Carles %A Littleton, Judith %A Massy, Ken %A Mittnik, Alissa %A Mujika-Alustiza, José Antonio %A Olalde, Iñigo %A Papac, Luka %A Penske, Sandra Ellen %A Peška, Jaroslav %A Pinhasi, Ron %A Reich, David %A Reinhold, Sabine %A Stahl, Raphaela %A Stäuble, Harald %A Tukhbatova, Rezeda I. %A Vasilyev, Sergey %A Veselovskaya, Elizaveta %A Warinner, Christina G. %A Stockhammer, Philipp W. %A Haak, Wolfgang %A Krause, Johannes %A Herbig, Alexander %+ Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society The Leipzig School of Human Origins (IMPRS), Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society %T Stone Age Yersinia pestis genomes shed light on the early evolution, diversity, and ecology of plague : %G eng %U https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000A-5AF8-A %R 10.1073/pnas.2116722119 %7 2022-04-21 %D 2022 %* Review method: peer-reviewed %X The bacterial pathogenYersinia pestisgave rise to devastating outbreaks throughouthuman history, and ancient DNA evidence has shown it afflicted human populations asfar back as the Neolithic.Y. pestisgenomes recovered from the Eurasian Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age (LNBA) period have uncovered key evolutionary steps that led to itsemergence from aYersinia pseudotuberculosis-like progenitor; however, the number ofreconstructed LNBA genomes are too few to explore its diversity during this criticalperiod of development. Here, we present 17Y. pestisgenomes dating to 5,000 to 2,500y BP from a wide geographic expanse across Eurasia. This increased dataset enabled usto explore correlations between temporal, geographical, and genetic distance. Ourresults suggest a nonflea-adapted and potentially extinct single lineage that persistedover millennia without significant parallel diversification, accompanied by rapid dis-persal across continents throughout this period, a trend not observed in other pathogensfor which ancient genomes are available. A stepwise pattern of gene loss provides fur-ther clues on its early evolution and potential adaptation. We also discover the presenceof theflea-adapted form ofY. pestisin Bronze Age Iberia, previously only identified inin the Caucasus and the Volga regions, suggesting a much wider geographic spread ofthis form ofY. pestis. Together, these data reveal the dynamic nature of plague’s forma-tive years in terms of its early evolution and ecology. %K ancient DNA, plaguej, Yersinia pestis %J Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America %O PNAS %V 119 %N 17 %] 2116722119 %I National Academy of Sciences %C Washington, D.C. %@ 0027-8424